Understanding the Nernst Equation

Understanding the Nernst Equation

The Nernst Equation is a cornerstone of electrochemical analysis. It quantifies how the potential of an electrochemical cell shifts based on the concentration (or activity) of the species involved in a redox reaction.

This relationship allows researchers and engineers to predict and control electrochemical behavior under real-world (non-standard) conditions.

The Equation:

• = measured electrode potential (in volts)

• = standard electrode potential (when all species are at standard conditions)

• = number of electrons transferred

• = reaction quotient: a ratio of the concentrations (or activities) of products to reactants

This simplified version assumes a temperature of 25°C (298 K), which is common in laboratory settings.

Try our Nernst Equaltion Calculator

Why It Matters in Electrochemical Measurements

Whether you're performing cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), or bulk electrolysis, the Nernst Equation helps explain and predict:

• How ion concentration affects electrode potential

• The behavior of reference electrodes under varying conditions

• The onset of redox reactions in a system

• Sensor calibration and biosensor performance

• Battery and fuel cell voltage changes with state of charge

Real-World Applications

Our potentiostats and electrochemical software leverage the principles of the Nernst Equation to deliver accurate, real-time data. Whether you're studying corrosion, developing batteries, or building electrochemical sensors, understanding how potential depends on concentration is key to interpreting your data.

Learn More

Visit our [Applications Notes] and [Technical Resources] to explore how the Nernst Equation and other electrochemical principles come to life in practical experiments using Gamry Instruments.